$laser diffraction grating experiment pdf$

It explains the study of optical properties for different material by adopting laser devices and handling basic aspects of interferometry. This lab is thoroughly outfitted for experiments in introductory and advanced laser physics. They find applications in technologies such as atomic energy or semiconductors.įranck-Hertz Experiment || Soldering (Remote Trigger) || Solar Panel Experiment (Remote Trigger) || Photoelectric effect || Determination of Planck's Constant || Abbe's Refractometer || Emission spectra || Millikan's oil drop experiment || Magnetic Material Characterization via Hystersis (Remote Trigger) These concepts embody the study of tiny (subatomic) particles or lightening fast speeds. Modern physics refers to the post-Newtonian conception of physics developed in the first half of the 1900's. The study of this lab revolves around the generation, propagation and reception of mechanical waves and vibrations.Īstable multivibrator || Melde's String Apparatus || Kundt's Tube Apparatus || Ultrasonic Interferometer || Doppler Effect || A.C Sonometer || Colpitts Oscillator || Hartley Oscillator Harmonic Motion and Wave lab is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of sound, ultrasound and infrasound (all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids). Heat Transfer by Radiation || Heat transfer by Conduction || Heat Transfer by Natural Convection || The Study of Phase Change || Black Body Radiation: Determination of Stefan's Constant || Newton's Law of Cooling || Lee's Disc Apparatus || Thermo Couple-Seebeck Effect Thermodynamics is the study of the conversion of energy into work and heat and its relation to macroscopic variables such as temperature,volume and pressure. Tangent Galvanometer || Magnetic Field Along The Axis of A Circular Coil Carrying Current || Deflection Magnetometer || Van De Graaff Generator || Barkhausen Effect || Temperature Coefficient of Resistance || Anderson's Bridge || Quincke's Method The concept of this can be applied in many technologies for an effective productivity. That means, magnetism and electricity are so closely related to each other. Magnetism's ability to serve mankind especially lies in its relationship to electricity. It seems a mysterious and even a magical force.

$laser diffraction grating experiment pdf$

This depends on the spacing of the grating and the wavelength of the incident light.We depend on electricity every minute of every day. I 0 is the maximum intensity λ is the wavelength of the light and a is the slit width.ĭiffraction grating is an optical component having a periodic structure which can split and diffract light t several beams travelling in different directions. Where is the total phase angle, it can be related to the deviation angle, Is the angle at which destructive interference occurs. Intensity minima will occur if this path length difference is an integer number of wavelengths. At this angle all the light from the top half of the slit will get cancelled with the light from the bottom half to produce a dark band.

$laser diffraction grating experiment pdf$

This causes destructive interference to occur because the path difference between the top and the middle of the slit is half of the wavelength. Let at an angle θ, the path difference between the top and bottom of the slit is a wavelength. The dark bands are caused when the light from the top half of the slit destructively interferes with the light from the bottom half.Ĭonsider a slit of width ‘a’. The pattern formed on a screen consists of a broad central band of light with dark bands on either side. The secondary wavelets spread out and overlap each other interfering with each other to form a pattern of maximum and minimum intensity.

$laser diffraction grating experiment pdf$

Diffraction is due to the superposition of such secondary wavelets. Huygens considered each point along a wave front to be the source of a secondary disturbance that forms a semi-circular wavelet. When waves pass through a gap, which is about as wide as the wavelength they spread out into the region beyond the gap. This phenomenon is termed as diffraction. When a wave train strikes an obstacle, the light ray will bend at the corners and edges of it, which causes the spreading of light waves into the geometrical shadow of the obstacle. Spectrometer, diffraction grating element and mercury vapor lamp. To calculate the wavelength of the other prominent lines of mercury by normal incidence method. To determine the number of lines per millimeter of the grating using the green line of the mercury spectrum.Ģ.

$laser diffraction grating experiment pdf$

Laser diffraction grating experiment pdf